Do you wonder about an AC compressor oil leak issue happening in your vehicle?
You may be dealing with some problems concerning oil leaks in your AC compressor and wonder why this happens. Plus, you need to know how to address this problem, especially if it has been getting worse.
In this article, we will explore why an AC compressor oil leak occurs and what you need to do about it. Let’s get started.
Exploring AC Compressor Oil Leak Problems
Many individuals often wonder about the necessary maintenance measures for their air conditioning systems. Experts recommend simply to utilize your air conditioning. Contrary to popular misconceptions, the consumption of refrigerant does not occur when the air conditioning is used. It’s disheartening to realize that you have been deceived all these years.
One common cause of refrigerant or oil depletion in a fully operational and leak-free system is the compressor shaft seal. This issue frequently arises in vehicles that are not driven daily or experience irregular usage patterns. Astonishingly, shaft seal leaks can manifest even with as little as a two-week period of inactivity. The consequence typically involves a partial loss of refrigerant and/or leaks in the shaft seal oil.
It is quite common for individuals to install a reconditioned or even brand new compressor in the style of the factory such as the case with RV2, A5, R4, Tecumseh, York, and others – only to discover that the compressor’s shaft seal is leaking refrigerant or oil. What many people don’t realize is that the shaft seal of A/C compressors remains lubricated throughout the entire duration of compressor engagement and operation. Surprising as it may seem, this is indeed the case.
Numerous factory air conditioning systems experience refrigerant loss when the A/C system is not in use. This occurs due to an inadequately lubricated seal surrounding the compressor’s crankshaft, which dries up and develops a leak, enabling the escape of oil and possibly the refrigerant.
The Issue With Undercharged AC Systems And Oil Leaks
Did you know that an oil leak can be a sign of an undercharged system?
Listed below are several common symptoms often observed in slightly undercharged systems, which may indicate refrigerant loss due to the inactivity of your car’s air conditioning. Please note that this is not an exhaustive list, and your classic vehicle may exhibit some or all of the symptoms mentioned below.
• Clutch cycling is much quicker than normal. However, this is not applicable to certain suction valve systems in other vehicles such as the Ford POA, General Motors POA, and the HGV
• Slightly reduced suction and discharge (low and high) pressures.
• Cool air instead of cold air from the vents (caused by a moderately cold evaporator temperature).
• Presence of bubbles in the sight-glass when using R12 refrigerant in your AC compressor (Tip: the sight-glass will never be clear in a 134a system).
• Oil splatter on the underside of the hood, resulting from oil leaking from the shaft seal. This occurs as the seal dries up due to inactivity and accumulates around the clutch and pulley until the system is used. While this symptom can indicate other issues such as contaminants in the system, a faulty shaft seal, or high head pressures, it is worth considering.
Additionally, air conditioning systems that are significantly undercharged may display the following symptoms:
• Failure of the compressor clutch to engage (if the system is equipped with a low-pressure switch).
• The suction pressure is very low.
• Extremely low discharge pressure.
• Warm air blowing from the vents.
• Presence of bubbles in the sight-glass when using R12 refrigerant in your AC compressor (Tip: the sight-glass will never be clear in a 134a system).
• Oil splatter on the underside of the hood, resulting from oil leaking from the shaft seal. This happens as the seal dries up due to inactivity and accumulates around the clutch and pulley until the system is used. Although this condition can also be linked with other problems such as high head pressures or a malfunctioning shaft seal, it is good to assess the situation as an oil splatter may also be a precursor to this problem.
But what if your vehicle is not often used, thus the AC system is also not turned on more frequently?
If your vehicle is frequently inactive or spends a significant amount of time in storage, there’s a simple measure you can take to maintain its air conditioning system. Start the car and run the air conditioning with the compressor engaged for approximately 30 seconds.
By doing this every few weeks or so, you ensure that the compressor shaft seal remains lubricated, thereby minimizing the risk of shaft seal failures. In most instances, the shaft seal will reseal itself once you resume using the air conditioning. However, it’s possible that your system may require a “topping off” of refrigerant and/or a thorough cleaning of the under-hood compartment to eliminate any oil residue from the pulley assembly.
Read More: Ford Ac Compressor Pressure Relief Valve Keeps Opening: Causes & How To Fix
Final Thoughts
AC compressor oil leaks can occur due to various reasons, but one common cause is the degradation or damage of the compressor’s shaft seal. The shaft seal is responsible for preventing refrigerant and oil from escaping the compressor. Over time, factors such as age, wear and tear, high operating temperatures, and exposure to contaminants can lead to the deterioration of the seal.
Additionally, improper installation or poor maintenance practices can contribute to compressor oil leaks. If the seal is not correctly installed or if the compressor is not adequately serviced, it can result in gaps or weak points that allow oil to seep out.
Another factor that can cause AC compressor oil leaks is excessive pressure within the system. When the pressure becomes too high, it puts strain on the seal, potentially causing it to break or develop leaks.
Furthermore, physical damage to the compressor, such as impact or corrosion, can compromise the integrity of the shaft seal and lead to oil leakage. Environmental factors, such as extreme temperatures or harsh conditions, can also contribute to seal degradation and subsequent oil leaks.
Regular maintenance and inspections are crucial in identifying and addressing potential issues that can cause AC compressor oil leaks. Proper lubrication, cleaning, and replacement of worn-out seals are essential to ensure the integrity of the compressor and prevent oil leaks from occurring.